One of the most commonly used local anesthetic lidocaine for medical procedures. The anesthetic is marketed under the brand name 'Xylocaine'. It is the first anesthetic from the amino amide class. An overdose of any drug leads to toxicity. Same is true for lidocaine. Lidocaine toxicity may in adults and children because of its overdose of parenteral or topical administration to develop accidental ingestion or long-term use. Lidocaine is administered with or without epinephrine. Maximum dose of lidocaine, which can be administered with epinephrine is 7 mg / kg, while it without adrenaline is 3-5 mg / kg. Anything more than the recommended dose is dangerous and can produce toxic effects in one person.
The symptoms of toxicity
Symptoms of lidocaine toxicity is usually in a progressive manner are displayed. Given below the various symptoms observed one after the other in an affected person can be.
Numbness and tingling of the tongue, Dizziness and lightheadedness, Blurred vision, Headache, Muscle twitching, Unconsciousness, Seizures, Coma, Apnea, Depression of the cardiovascular system.
Treatment provided
Once lidocaine toxicity is identified, the administration, be it locally or parenterally, is stopped.
The person is a sufficient supply of oxygen through a face mask or a tube that is inserted into an external body opening (intubation).
Cardiovascular system of man is carefully monitored. Small doses of epinephrine are administered to the patient. Infusions and vasopressor drugs, the narrowing of blood vessels can be used to support the health of the patient.
Epileptic seizures are the use of benzodiazepines, which are controlled the drug of choice for this condition. Succinylcholine, together with intubation is used in some cases to adverse effects of neuromuscular control seizures. Another short-acting hypnoticAgents such as propofol is known, it can also be used to control seizures. However, their use is limited because it can potentially increase toxic effects in the cardiovascular system.
Doctors administer sodium bicarbonate, severe metabolic acidosis for patients, because acidosis is known that the toxic effects that increase on the cardiovascular system lidocaine.
In rare cases of overdose from lidocaine is excessively large, complications such as cardiac arrest may come into the picture. This serious complication is treated with cardiopulmonary bypass.
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