Hyperglycemia due to lack of endogenous insulin that is absolute, as type 1 diabetes, or a relative, as type 2 diabetes. The relative lack of insulin is usually caused by insulin resistance in muscle, fat, liver and an inadequate response functions of beta-cells. insulin resistance, which is associated with high levels of free fatty acids in blood plasma, which leads to a decrease in glucose transport in skeletal muscle, increased hepatic glucose production and an increase in lipid metabolism.
Genetics of type 2 diabetes are complex and not entirely understood, but it is a disease, probably due to multiple genes (excluding the duration of an attack of diabetes in young people] [Modi). The facts speak in favor of the genetic components of the failure of beta cells in the pancreas and insulin resistance. There was a great discussion about the primary defect of type 2 diabetes. Most patients have insulin resistance and the degree of insulin deficiency. However, insulin resistance is not a prerequisite for type 2 diabetes, because many people with insulin resistance (especially those who were obese) do not develop impaired glucose tolerance. In this regard, a lack of insulin is necessary for the development of hyperglycemia. Insulin concentrations may be higher, but abnormally low blood sugar.
Modi-related autosomal dominant inheritance, characterized by attacks of at least one family member younger than 25 years, no antibodies, correction of hyperglycemia without fasting insulin at least two years, as well as the absence of ketosis. At least six species are genetically different from fashion described.2 Some patients require insulin for glycemic control. Variations in two genes associated with MODY (UH-1alfa, and to a lesser degree, UH-4alpha) showed that the prediction of future type 2 diabetes.3
It is assumed that the defects in type 2 diabetes occurs when diabetógeno lifestyle (eg, excessive caloric intake, inadequate caloric expenditure, obesity) is superimposed on the sensitive genotype. body mass index, in which obesity increases the risk of diabetes ranges between different racial groups. For example, compared with those of European descent, Asians have increased risk of developing diabetes at lower levels overweight.4 In addition, on Wednesday in the uterus, resulting in low birth weight predispose people to develop type 2 diabetes. 5.6 Simplified scheme of the pathophysiology of abnormal glucose metabolism in diabetes mellitus type 2 is shown below.
You can find more information about signs and symptoms of Diabetes
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