Pen is a device used to apply ink to a surface usually paper for writing or drawing. Pens are often referred to as mightier than sword because of the impact written thoughts can have on mind of individuals is ever lasting. Since times immemorial men has been using some or other techniques to project his fleeting mental images into something long lasting. So whether it was using stones to carve pictures in the caves during primitive time, or using reed pens, quills or dip pens during medieval times and to the latest ball point, roller or fountain pens, man has used pens to show his creativity. There are companies like Mont Blanc, Parker etc which have tried to associate feeling of luxury and eliteness with pens and make them an object of personal adornment. They produce diamond studded pens with golden nibs worth thousands of rupees. Other companies like Reynolds, Link etc have constantly tried to make the writing experience better and more comfortable by techniques such as pens with grip.
Dip pens were the predecessors of fountain pen but unlike them, fountain pens have an internal reservoir of liquid ink that is supplied to nib via thin tube and then ultimately to paper because of capillary action and gravity. The internal reservoir is manually filled. A fountain pen can have squeeze filler or piston based filler. Capillary based filler was introduced by Parker but it later got replaced by the modern ones. The ink used in these pens is water based and come in wide variety of colors and properties. Unlike ball or gel pens fountain pens are not tightly coupled with their inks and any carelessness might result in spilling of ink. So utmost care should be taken in this regard.
The ballpoint pen also uses an internal reservoir of ink but unlike a fountain pen, the ink used in ball pens is very viscous and the refills are strongly coupled with ink. The inconvenience caused because of fountain pens and dip pens was the stimulus which led to invention of ball pens. The messy refilling mechanism and the sharp edges of tip of fountain pens often tore papers and left smudges. This defect was sorted by using a sphere based ball in Ball pens. Ball pens can be of disposal types or the ones in which the refills can be reinstalled.
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